Private Market Update - January 2023

Investors Eye 2023’s Next Wave of Unicorns

Key Takeaways

Investors Eye 2023’s Next Wave of Unicorns as Valuations Reset and Rate of Losses Slow

  • Private market companies end 2022 down 50%, but rate of losses slows in Q4
  • Investors show preference for shares in slightly younger companies
  • Companies weigh lower valuations versus “dirty term sheets”
Overview

After a rip-roaring 2021, financial markets took a step back in 2022 – with the tech sector taking it particularly hard. But a new year often coincides with newfound optimism, and in 2023 there’s reason to believe that this hope is grounded in promising data, not just wishful thinking.

For one, it’s important to look back at 2022 with proper context. To be sure, both private and public markets largely fell backward. But in many cases, that was a reaction to an ebullient 2021. In comparison to pre-Covid years, 2022 wasn’t so bad.

Take M&A activity, for example.

Global deal volume fell in 2022 by 37%, the sharpest percentage decline since 2001, reports the Wall Street Journal, based on Refinitiv data.1 Yet 2022 was still approximately level with pre-pandemic numbers. Plus, deal advisers project an uptick in 2023, though it’s unclear when exactly that will happen, the article adds.

Meanwhile, Forge data shows that price declines may be leveling out. To be fair, companies trading on Forge Markets still experienced an 8.8% decline from Q3 to Q4 2022. But that’s much less than the 22.2% drop from Q2 to Q3. 2

So, as this period of valuation resetting potentially winds down, what’s next?

Recent trends show that younger, bigger private companies (think less than 10 years old, greater than $10 billion valuation) are getting the most investor attention. Additionally, esoteric deal terms are making their way back into many venture deals as investors grapple with the market reset. 3

One name that exemplifies this trend is OpenAI, which is generating buzz from both the private market investment world and the general public based on its introduction of ChatGPT, which enables AI-generated art and writing.

The New York Times reports that OpenAI is in talks to more than double its valuation from 2021, reaching around $29 billion. 4 But a closer look at the deal terms indicates that OpenAI and its lead investor, Microsoft, arranged a “highly unusual deal structure” – not just a simple equity stake.

Of course, not every company will experience this type of boom, but at least the overall picture could be better as we progress through 2023. The most recent U.S. inflation figures, for example, show signs of improvement. 5 If that means the Fed slows down on interest rate hikes, that could buoy private markets.

Much is left to play out, but in many ways, the new year is off to a good start.

The Details

Investors Shift Focus to Younger Companies

Over the last two years, investors have increasingly shifted their preferences to younger companies. At various points throughout 2020, approximately 40-50% of investor interest was directed at companies that had been operating privately for 10+ years. In recent months, that percentage has dipped to an all-time low of 8%, meaning 92% of investor interest is directed at companies operating privately for less than 10 years.

There may be two reasons for this trend. First, 2020 and 2021 were two of the biggest years for IPOs since the 90s, which means many companies trading on the private market exited, leaving younger companies to soak up private investments. 6

Second, 2022 saw many older companies on the IPO doorstep, such as Stripe and Instacart, lower their valuations in light of shifting investor appetites for risk assets and dour macroeconomic conditions. In contrast, younger companies may have been insulated from this trend with less likelihood for inflated valuations and high burn rates. This may allow investors to more confidently deploy capital, while still offering upside potential.

Graph shows a higher percentage of Forge Markets Buy IOIs for 6 to 10 years old companiesGraph shows a higher percentage of Forge Markets Buy IOIs for 6 to 10 years old companies
Expand Image

While investors are showing a preference for slightly younger companies, Q4 showed a sizable move into larger companies with over 50% of investor dollars going into companies valued over $10 billion. This suggests that the sweet spot for companies in the current market are those valued greater than $10 billion with 6-10 years of tenure, which includes companies like Discord, Databricks, Chime, and Airtable.

Chart shows an increase in volume (% of total dollar volume) for $10B+ companies in Q4 2022Chart shows an increase in volume (% of total dollar volume) for $10B+ companies in Q4 2022
Expand Image

Rate of Decline Slows as Private Market Waves Goodbye to 2022

In Q4, the median trade price on Forge Markets showed a 50% discount to a company’s last fundraising round. Notably, the rate of decline during the Q3 2022 – Q4 2022 period slowed versus the Q1 2022 – Q2 2022 and Q2 2022 – Q3 2022 periods.

Line chart shows a drop in median Forge Markets trade price vs last primary round priceLine chart shows a drop in median Forge Markets trade price vs last primary round price
Expand Image

On average, prices fell -8.8% when comparing the price of companies that traded on Forge Markets in both Q3 2022 and Q4 2022 – a slowing rate of decline from the Q2-Q3 drop of –22.2%.

Public tech indices had varying performance depending on the composition of the index. The NASDAQ budged upward 0.1%, the IPO ETF fell -13%, but the widely watched ARKK ETF struggled across the finish line, falling -17.2%.

Overall, prices of private market names fell -50.9% for companies that traded on Forge Markets in Q4 2021 and Q4 2022

Chart shows Forge's trade price performance vs public indices Q3 and Q4Chart shows Forge's trade price performance vs public indices Q3 and Q4
Expand Image

Down Rounds or Dirty Term Sheets?

In Q4 2022, only five companies covered by Forge Data valued at greater than $2 billion raised money, with an average valuation increase of approximately 18%.

In the current market, headline valuations do not necessarily tell the full story. As investor Janelle Teng of Bessemer Venture Partners points out, private companies facing challenging fundraising conditions may find themselves choosing between lower valuations and “dirty” term sheets. Neither choice is ideal for companies, but Teng predicts “less stigma will be associated with markdowns” as the risks of rounds with high valuations but exotic deal terms become more apparent.

Graph shows change in primary fundraising round step-upsGraph shows change in primary fundraising round step-ups
Expand Image

Mutual Fund Managers Mark Down Private Holdings – Is Valuation Reset Upon Us?

Forge Data maintains a dataset of mutual fund marks, which allows investors to analyze how some of the largest institutional investors are pricing their private company holdings. Forge offers this data at the mutual fund and company level, but an aggregated view shows that markups have all but disappeared from the current market.

As Janelle Teng noted in her blog, this may be the result of an “increasing recognition that many of these valuation resets represent a correction of 2021’s peak frenzy mispricing and overhang, rather than a reflection of core business performance.” 7

Graph shows distribution of Mutual Fund Marks at Premium, Par and Discount to last funding roundGraph shows distribution of Mutual Fund Marks at Premium, Par and Discount to last funding round
Expand Image

Forge Data also allows investors to drill down into specific segments of mutual fund marks to show which sectors are still holding on to valuation premiums. Healthcare and Enterprise Software are the two largest sectors, and each has a small number of companies commanding premiums from their investors such as Tempus, Somatus, Checkr, and Arctic Wolf. Meanwhile, the companies that make up the fintech sector, such as Stripe, Klarna, and Plaid, have seen their premiums erased during this year’s drawdown.

Graph shows distribution of Mutual Fund Marks by sector from Forge DataGraph shows distribution of Mutual Fund Marks by sector from Forge Data
Expand Image

Sell-Side Continues to Lead Private Market as Investors Search for Opportunities

The market remains skewed to the sell-side, with nearly 70% of indications of interest (IOIs) coming from shareholders – typically employees of private companies or early investors. This trend has remained consistent throughout the year, and market participants are watching closely to see if interest shifts to the buy side as macroeconomic factors like inflation show signs of improvement and there is potential line of sight into the Federal Reserve pausing rate hikes.

Chart shows distribution of Sell and Buy IOI on Forge MarketsChart shows distribution of Sell and Buy IOI on Forge Markets
Expand Image

December saw an increase in the number of companies with unique sell indications of interest on Forge Markets, but again – no change to the broader trend.

Bar chart shows no changes in trend for the number of unique issuers with Sell IOIs on Forge MarketsBar chart shows no changes in trend for the number of unique issuers with Sell IOIs on Forge Markets
Expand Image

Bid-ask spreads remain elevated but have narrowed slightly from their all-time high of 25% in August.

Chart shows the trend of the median spread of Buy and Sell IOIs on Forge MarketsChart shows the trend of the median spread of Buy and Sell IOIs on Forge Markets
Expand Image

Private market participants have reason for optimism as the calendar turns to 2023. Macroeconomic signals are flashing improvement, and a significant amount of the recent valuation frenzy has been flushed from the system. This is potentially a rare moment for private market investors to add shares of high-growth companies to their portfolio while prices are depressed. Forge will continue providing data to the private market community as the year unfolds – so please subscribe for future updates.

1 Wall Street Journal, Jan. 5 2023

2 Forge Data as of 1/10/2023

3 Forge Data as of 1/10/2023

4 New York Times, Jan. 7, 2023.

5 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, data as of Jan. 12, 2023.

6 https://www.cnbc.com/2022/01/20/record-ipo-rush-of-2021-led-to-historically-dismal-returns-for-investors-with-no-relief-in-sight.html

7 https://nextbigteng.substack.com/p/taking-a-dirty-term-sheet-to-preserve

About the Author

Dan Chaparian is VP of Product Marketing at Forge Global. Prior to joining Forge, Dan was VP, Global Product Marketing for BlackRock's iShares ETF business. He previously held positions at Apple and Uber and is a former startup founder. Read more from Dan.

About Forge

Forge Global Holdings, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, “Forge”) is a leading provider of marketplace infrastructure, data services and technology solutions for private market participants. Forge Securities LLC (“Forge Securities”) is a registered broker dealer and a Member of FINRA that operates an alternative trading system. 

Legal Notices and Disclosures

Past performance is not indicative of future results.

The information and material presented in this article is provided for your informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer by Forge to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities and may not be used or relied upon in connection with any offer or sale of securities. An offer or solicitation can be made only through the delivery of final offering document(s), purchase agreement(s), and other applicable documentation, and will be subject to the terms and conditions and risks delivered in such documents.

This article does not constitute an offer to provide investment advice or service. Registered representatives of Forge Securities do not (1) advise any member on the merits or prudence of a particular investment or transaction, or (2) assist in the determination of fair value of any security or investment, or (3) provide legal, tax, or transactional advisory services. Securities referenced in this article may be offered by Forge Securities, and certain Forge affiliates may act as principals in such transactions.

Investing in private company securities is not suitable for all investors. An investment in private company securities is highly speculative, involves a high degree of risk, and you should be prepared to withstand a total loss of your investment. Private company securities are also highly illiquid and there is no guarantee that a market will develop for such securities. Each investment also carries its own specific risks and investors should conduct their own, independent due diligence regarding the investment, including obtaining additional information about the company, opinions, financial projections and legal or investment advice. Accordingly, investing in private company securities is appropriate only for those investors who can tolerate a high degree of risk and do not require a liquid investment.